Welcome to half 3 of our sequence on editing mixed frame rate in DaVinci Resolve.
A helpful technique for enhancing blended body price materials is to depart the supply information at their native body charges earlier than you begin slicing. In my expertise, one of these workflow is extra frequent within the business put up world, as leaving body charges at their native body price preserves timecode consistency throughout the venture and file(s). And within the business world, since many photographs and sequences are despatched out to different amenities or software program, matching timecode is crucial.
However, enhancing clips with completely different native body charges is extra tedious than merely conforming all of them along with clip attributes. By default, in the event you edit non-matching body price information to a timeline, your information will playback uneven. That mentioned, most editors don’t fear about this and simply edit blended body charges collectively with out realizing it. However, this technique can flip into an enormous headache down the highway.
Logging Metadata
As we’ve talked about in earlier sections, step one to finding out all this blended body price enterprise is so as to add and arrange metadata. That is further vital when it comes time for enhancing, and can be utilized to assist easy out playback points.
Share Metadata for Easy Playback
Logging non-matching body price information is much less concerned than altering the merely native body charges, however can nonetheless ship related outcomes.
For this technique, you’ll want to vary the pace of the clips as soon as they’re edited to your timeline, which is able to guarantee they play again easy. Have in mind, it may be useful so as to add these percentages to the digital camera notes area for fast reference, and so as to add the recorded body price (as we did earlier when altering the native body price within the Digicam FPS area).
For instance, think about we have now clips which might be 59.94p natively. If we edit this clip in a 23.976fps timeline, Resolve will throw out frames at an uneven cadence to realize real-time playback by default. To keep away from this challenge, we are able to simply change the pace to 40% — 23.976 / 59.94 = .4 or 40%. Altering the pace to 40% will make the clip play again with out dropping any frames.
Undergo every non-matching-FPS clip in your digital camera bins. Divide that FPS quantity by your venture body price. Now add this proportion quantity to the digital camera notes area. For instance, “40% native” for 59.94 clips in a 23.976 timeline. That is the quantity that you simply’ll use for any pace adjustments when enhancing your clips to the timeline.
This will appear tedious or pointless work at first, however it could actually profit the entire put up course of if it’s finished proper the primary time. Having this data shut at hand can actually save editors a whole lot of time.
Digicam FPS metadata
If a clip is excessive pace, you’ll have to learn the earlier part on discovering and including the recorded body charges to the Digicam FPS metadata area in your clips. This can will let you retime clips extra simply.
Re-Timing with Non-Matching Body Charges
In distinction to matching body charges, the place it is best to use multiples of 100, enhancing clips with blended body charges requires you utilize multiples of the divided proportion quantity for easy playback. In case you are re-timing footage, clearly you don’t need the uneven playback, so that you’ll want to make use of multiples of that new proportion for any pace adjustments.
For the 59.94p to 23.976 instance, doubling that 40% decelerate to 80% will, in fact, pace the footage up. Now the footage will play again nearer to real-time with none uneven cadences. Frames will nonetheless be thrown out, however they are going to be thrown out evenly, so there gained’t be any jerky or skipped movement utilizing this technique. By utilizing multiples of 40% like 80%, 120%, and so forth, we are able to obtain easy playback throughout a variety of re-timed speeds.
It’s vital to keep in mind that clips with body charges that aren’t completely divisible gained’t playback easily in real-time with out body interpolation. It’s additionally notable that synced audio may have points with re-timing and body interpolation if not matched to the timeline.
The re-timing course of defines how Resolve handles any non-matching body price or pace change. In these settings, you’ll discover choices for body mixing and optical movement, that are strategies of rebuilding lacking frames by way of interpolation.
The settings for this may be discovered within the venture settings and within the grasp settings. Do bear in mind, the venture settings will be overridden for any clip in your timeline with different settings.
By default, Nearest is the setting used for clips, which provides or throws out frames any time you modify the clip pace or have non-matching body charges. It’s usually a good suggestion to maintain this setting at Nearest throughout enhancing, as the opposite choices are extra processor intensive.
Nevertheless, different settings, like Optical Circulation, easy out uneven movement, pace adjustments, and non-matching body charges pretty effectively. This setting is normally utilized as soon as an edit is nearer to being completed, or to check out if optical movement work effectively on a specific clip. Enhancing with it on continually will likely be a drain in your system sources, and may interrupt easy playback.
However every of those settings behaves in a different way, and will be helpful in sure conditions, so let’s check out them individually
Nearest
- Frames are both dropped or duplicated
- That is the default setting when mixing body charges
- Least processor intensive
Nearest is the default setting for retiming, and is the least processor-intensive setting when re-timing clips. You will note stuttering with fast-moving footage or utilizing uneven pace adjustments, however that’s the worth of sooner efficiency.
Body Mix
- Duplicate frames are blended collectively
- Not generally used
- Medium processing necessities
Body Mix is usually not used that a lot as a result of it creates blended frames, that are very noticeable, even to untrained viewers. Should you’re going for that particular impact, Frame Mix may work. However for many conditions, body mixing might be not what you need.
Optical Circulation
- New frames are generated with movement estimation
- Generally utilized to easy out movement
- Heavy processing burden
Optical movement can be utilized to easy out the problems when changing between body charges or altering pace. It might additionally make it potential to decelerate footage past what the originally-captured body price permits. Optical movement truly interpolates fully new frames, or new pixels on current body to fill in motion.
Resolve has numerous ranges of high quality for the optical movement course of. With decrease high quality settings, your picture may tear or begin to ghost, which normally makes it unusable. However every rising high quality setting provides important profit (and processing load) to the tip end result.
Right here is an instance of optical movement warping.
The primary clip has not been re-timed, and doesn’t have Optical Circulation interpolation. The second clip has Optical Circulation utilized, and has been re-timed to 130%. Discover how the drummer’s proper hand warps and tears from body to border. Within the earlier than instance, the standard has been set to the usual, and solely pure movement blur is current.
If you wish to enhance the end result, you possibly can change the varied optical movement settings in Resolve 16:
Footage with a better shutter pace (much less movement blur) normally leads to higher body interpolation. Nevertheless, more often than not you will have the footage that you’ve got, which was doubtless shot with extra pure movement blue. Few productions shoot common pace footage with larger shutter speeds deliberately, but when until you haven’t shot but, and plan on severely re-timing footage and utilizing Optical Circulation, attempt a better shutter pace.
Enhanced Optical Circulation
In Resolve 15 and better, there are extra choices for Optical Circulation.
Click on the gear icon and Grasp Settings from the choices, and take a look at prime and backside choices for Body Interpolation. You’ll see Movement Estimation Mode and Movement Vary. Movement Estimation Mode has 4 choices, listed in ascending high quality, with enhanced higher producing the perfect end result. Movement Vary is a setting that dictates how a lot movement is going on inside a picture, which helps the interpolation produce extra plausible movement blur.
After all, the upper high quality the setting, the longer the processing time. So, in the event you use Optical Circulation, it’s a good suggestion to make use of the render cache for these clips (so that you don’t should re-render each time), or to solely allow these settings when you’re ending or able to export.
Velocity Warp
In Resolve 16, Velocity Warp is a brand new superior choice for body interpolation with Optical Circulation. This new choice is processed by Resolve’s new DaVinci Neural Engine, which makes use of machine studying and AI to course of new video frames. It sounds fancy, and it’s outcomes look fairly nice.
Velocity Warp seems a lot better than the Enhanced Optical Circulation, however is much more processor-intensive.
Right here is an instance of the identical scene from above utilizing Velocity Warp as an alternative of the usual settings. You’ll discover there’s a lot much less warping and means higher movement blur interpretation.
This new setting is about to be a game-changer for slowing footage down or sophisticated retime curves.
Velocity Warp can actually promote the phantasm of ultra-slowed down footage, means past what your footage was in all probability meant for, or might believably obtain in any other case. Additionally in case you have a sophisticated artistic pace change utilizing numerous curves and uneven multiples, Velocity Warp may also help conceal any body skipping or duplicating that is likely to be seen.
Since Velocity Warp is so processor-intensive, it is likely to be a good suggestion to bake the impact in. It appears odd to render out a clip re-time as a brand new clip, however in the event you plan on utilizing this impact rather a lot in a venture, it could prevent a whole lot of time.
Of explicit be aware for this information, Velocity Warp may assist with mixing body charges collectively as effectively. Whereas the older Optical Circulation may also help generally, it wasn’t reliable or constant sufficient for lots {of professional} work. However Velocity Warp seems like it is going to drastically enhance the power to sluggish footage down and to combine body charges collectively, so we’ll see how a lot use it will get for these kinds of tasks.
Finally, although, it’s nonetheless vital to know how body charges work in Resolve as a way to management the ultimate product of your video. Having new instruments like Velocity Warp are useful, however they’re of little use if not carried out appropriately. For instance, in knowledgeable setting, in the event you ignore our earlier steps of organizing and matching blended body charges, and are simply relying on Velocity Warp to each different clip, it will in all probability decelerate your venture to an unacceptable degree, particularly on 4K+ footage. Identical to each instrument, we have to perceive when to make use of it and when to make use of alternate options.
Within the subsequent version of this sequence, we’ll talk about the right way to use all of those new processes and settings in a proxy workflow. Try Part 4.
